Penny Universities: How Early British Coffeehouses Fuelled Enlightenment Thinking
1. Introduction: A Cuppa With a Side of EnlightenmentImagine strolling down the lively streets of 17th or 18th-century London, where the air is filled with the scent of freshly ground coffee beans and animated chatter spills out onto cobblestone lanes. British coffeehouses—affectionately nicknamed “Penny Universities”—were more than just places to enjoy a hot cuppa. These…